• Dust charging and density conditions deduced from observations of PMWE modulated by artificial electron heating 

      Havnes, Ove; La Hoz, Cesar; Rietveld, Michael T; Kassa, Meseret; Baroni, Giovanni; Biebricher, Alexander (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      We present an analysis of relatively strong Polar Mesospheric Winter Echoes (PMWE) under artificial electron heating that changes the PMWE intensity. A major purpose is to find reliable estimates of the relaxation time of the heater modified PMWE to their undisturbed state during the heater switch-off phase; the implications regarding charge/discharge mechanisms; and to exploit the diagnostic potential ...